Semiotics is the study of the meaning-making. This includes the study of signs and sign processes, indication, designation, likeness, analogy, metaphor, symbolism, signification and communication.
Denotation
Denotation is a translation of a sign to its meaning, more exactly, to its literal meaning. Denotation is sometimes contracted to connotation, which translates a sign to meanings associated with it.
The denotation of this example is a red rose with a green stem. The connotation is that it is a symbol of passion and love - this is what the rose represents.
Connotation
Connotation is the meaning that refers to the associations meaning of that word.
The connotation is a symbol of love and affection.
Black - shoe, camera
Blue - shirt
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Red - book
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Green - Christmas tree, apple
White - paper, snow, snowman, chocolate, laptop
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Symbolic codes
slogan
The nike slogan is an logo that is seen all around the world. The logo can also be seen as a tick sign.
Written codes
new words - Written codes are the use of words in a logo.
technical codes
camera angles - technical codes are the use of different camera angles.
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